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Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID’s) - Learn Process Control, SIS and Alarms in P&ID
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Introduction
Before you start this course
What's a P&ID ?
Why is a P&ID so important ?
Who uses P&ID's ?
How do P&ID's look like ?
Learning objectives
Introduction
Anatomy of a P&ID
The title block
The drawing scale
The grid system
The revision block
Changes
Notes and legends
Learning objectives
Valve symbols
Valve actuator symbols
Control valve designations
Standards and conventions for valve status
Process equipment symbols
Piping symbols
Pipe fitting symbols
Isolating, venting & draining symbols for ease of maintenance
Instrumentation
Sensing devices and detectors
Location symbols
Modifiers and transmitters
Indicators and recorders
Controllers
Example #1 : Identifying process equipment and flow paths on a P&ID
Example #2 : Identifying valve position and failure mode on a P&ID
Example #3 : Identifying the symbols on a P&ID
Learning objectives
Piping designation code
Equipment designation code
Instrument designation code
Miscellaneous designation codes
Important notes
Learning objectives
The process
Process control
Learning objectives
The control loop
Process control terms
Learning objectives
Single control loops : Feedback control
Pressure control loops
Flow control loops
Level control loops
Temperature control loops
Multi-variable loops
Multi-variable loops : Feedforward control
Feedforward + Feedback
Cascade control
Split range control
Operations on control signals
Ratio control
Batch control
Selective control
Learning objectives
Do we need to control at all ?
Principles of equipment-wise control
Pipe control system
Control of a single pipe
Control of pressure in a pipe
Control of flow in a pipe
Flow merging
Flow splitting
Centrifugal pump control
Control valve vs Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) for centrifugal pumps
Minimum flow control for centrifugal pumps
Positive displacement pump control
Control by a recirculation pipe for PD pumps
Variable Speed Drive (VSD) control for PD pumps
Control by stroke adjustment for PD pumps
Compressor control system
Compressor capacity control
Compressor anti-surge control
Heat transfer equipment control
Heat exchanger direct control system
Heat exchanger bypass control system
Reactor temperature control
Air cooler control
Heat exchanger for heat recovery
Heat exchanger back pressure control
Basic fired heater control
Complex fired heater control
Container and vessel control
Container blanket gas control
Learning objectives
Safety strategies
Concept of Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS)
SIS actions and types
SIS extent
SIS requirement
Anatomy of a SIS
SIS element symbols
SIS primary elements : Sensors
SIS final elements
Switching valve actuator arrangements
Valve position validation
Merging a switching valve and a control valve
SIS logics
Showing safety instrumented functions on P&IDs
Discrete control
Alarm system
Anatomy of alarm systems
Alarm requirements
Alarm system symbology in P&ID's
Concept of common alarms
Fire and Gas Detection Systems (FGS)
Electric motor control
P&ID representation of commands and responses
P&ID representation of inspection and repair
P&ID example of electro-motor control
About this practice session
P&ID example #1 : Legend and specifications
P&ID example #2 : Hydrogen delivery station
P&ID example #3 : Acid system
P&ID example #4 : Centrifugal pump
P&ID example #5 : Typical utility station
P&ID example #6 : Waste water filter
P&ID example #7 : Steam separator
P&ID example #8 : Flare knock-out drum
P&ID example #9 : Centrifugal compressor
P&ID example #10 : Hydrogen production from shale gas
P&ID example #11 : Fired heater
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ABOUT THE COURSE
Introduction
Preview
BEFORE YOU START THIS COURSE
Before you start this course
Preview
ABOUT P&ID's
What's a P&ID ?
Why is a P&ID so important ?
Who uses P&ID's ?
How do P&ID's look like ?
Preview
INTRODUCTION TO P&ID READING
Learning objectives
Introduction
Anatomy of a P&ID
The title block
The drawing scale
The grid system
The revision block
Changes
Notes and legends
BASIC P&ID SYMBOLS
Learning objectives
Valve symbols
Valve actuator symbols
Control valve designations
Standards and conventions for valve status
Process equipment symbols
Piping symbols
Pipe fitting symbols
Isolating, venting & draining symbols for ease of maintenance
Instrumentation
Sensing devices and detectors
Location symbols
Modifiers and transmitters
Indicators and recorders
Controllers
LET'S GET SOME PRACTICE : BASIC P&ID SYMBOLS
Example #1 : Identifying process equipment and flow paths on a P&ID
Example #2 : Identifying valve position and failure mode on a P&ID
Example #3 : Identifying the symbols on a P&ID
P&ID DESIGNATION CODES
Learning objectives
Piping designation code
Equipment designation code
Instrument designation code
Miscellaneous designation codes
IMPORTANT NOTES BEFORE PROCEEDING TO NEXT SECTIONS
Important notes
Preview
THE IMPORTANCE OF PROCESS CONTROL
Learning objectives
The process
Process control
CONTROL THEORY BASICS
Learning objectives
The control loop
Process control terms
INTRODUCTION TO BASIC PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS (BPCS's) IN P&ID's
Learning objectives
Single control loops : Feedback control
Pressure control loops
Flow control loops
Level control loops
Temperature control loops
Multi-variable loops
Multi-variable loops : Feedforward control
Feedforward + Feedback
Cascade control
Split range control
Operations on control signals
Ratio control
Batch control
Selective control
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs
Learning objectives
Do we need to control at all ?
Principles of equipment-wise control
Pipe control system
Control of a single pipe
Control of pressure in a pipe
Control of flow in a pipe
Flow merging
Flow splitting
Centrifugal pump control
Control valve vs Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) for centrifugal pumps
Minimum flow control for centrifugal pumps
Positive displacement pump control
Control by a recirculation pipe for PD pumps
Variable Speed Drive (VSD) control for PD pumps
Control by stroke adjustment for PD pumps
Compressor control system
Compressor capacity control
Compressor anti-surge control
Heat transfer equipment control
Heat exchanger direct control system
Heat exchanger bypass control system
Reactor temperature control
Air cooler control
Heat exchanger for heat recovery
Heat exchanger back pressure control
Basic fired heater control
Complex fired heater control
Container and vessel control
Container blanket gas control
SAFETY INSTRUMENTED SYSTEMS (SIS), INTERLOCKS AND ALARMS IN P&ID's
Learning objectives
Safety strategies
Concept of Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS)
SIS actions and types
SIS extent
SIS requirement
Anatomy of a SIS
SIS element symbols
SIS primary elements : Sensors
SIS final elements
Switching valve actuator arrangements
Valve position validation
Merging a switching valve and a control valve
SIS logics
Showing safety instrumented functions on P&IDs
Discrete control
Alarm system
Anatomy of alarm systems
Alarm requirements
Alarm system symbology in P&ID's
Concept of common alarms
Fire and Gas Detection Systems (FGS)
Electric motor control
P&ID representation of commands and responses
P&ID representation of inspection and repair
P&ID example of electro-motor control
Preview
P&ID EXAMPLES - LET'S GET SOME PRACTICE
About this practice session
P&ID example #1 : Legend and specifications
P&ID example #2 : Hydrogen delivery station
P&ID example #3 : Acid system
P&ID example #4 : Centrifugal pump
P&ID example #5 : Typical utility station
P&ID example #6 : Waste water filter
P&ID example #7 : Steam separator
P&ID example #8 : Flare knock-out drum
P&ID example #9 : Centrifugal compressor
P&ID example #10 : Hydrogen production from shale gas
P&ID example #11 : Fired heater
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